2. Navigation and Browser (Part 1)

Navigation and Browser (Part 1)

1. Open URL and use some useful methods to verify page
2. Define browser size and position: maximaze, minimaze
3. Switch between browser windows or tabs
4. Perform action "Refresh" and simulate "Back", "Forward"

1. Open URL and use some useful methods to verify page

baseUrl
url()
source()
getWebDriver().getTitle();

To visit page you can just specify url:
        open("http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=2.16");

But it is better to specify base url and use relative urls to visit pages:

baseUrl = "http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com";

open("/index.html?path=2.16");

To get current page url use url():

open("https://www.ukr.net/");

url();  // return "https://www.ukr.net/"

assertTrue(Html.text.contains(url(), "https://www.ukr.net/"));

To get current page source use source():

baseUrl = "http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com";

        open("/index.html?path=2.16");

        assertTrue(Html.text.containsCaseSensitive(source(), "Parent Directory"));

To get the current page title you need to come back to webdriver and use getWebDriver().getTitle():

open("https://www.ukr.net/");

getWebDriver().getTitle();  // return page title

assertEquals(getWebDriver().getTitle(), "UKR.NET: Всі новини України, останні новини дня в Україні та Світі");

2. Define browser size and position: maximaze, minimaze

Easy,

        startMaximized = true;   //to maximize on start

    baseUrl = "http://www.seleniumhq.org";

   

    open("/");

    sleep(1000);

    getWebDriver().manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(0,0)); // to minimize

    sleep(1000);

        getWebDriver().manage().window().maximize(); // to maximize

        sleep(1000);

    getWebDriver().manage().window().setPosition(new Point(100,100)); // to move

    sleep(1000);

By the way. Avoid using "sleep()" in your tests. Better use implicitly/explicitly waits or be creative or just use Selenide. Yes, selenide understands when to wait (at least - in the most common situations, as said on the official site), for other cases waits methods are available to you.

Remember that "sleep pattern" is evil for your tests. I use sleep in this example to demonstrate changes in size and position.

3. Switch between browser windows or tabs

1 There is no difference between windows and tabs. 

2. But there is difference for your browser settings

When I was preparing example I found that my chrome does not open links in new tabs/new windows. So I used custom chrome profile with extension Click to Tab to open links in new tabs.

Recipe for switching between windows or tabs is the same as for Selenium.

1. Open page#1

2. Click link to page#2

Result: New tab/window is opened

3.  Get all opened tabs

Result:  Number of handled tabs == 2

4. Switch to handled tab with index 1

Result:  You can work with  page#2

5. Switch to handled tab with index 0

Result:  You can work with  page#1

6. Switch to "default content"

Result:  You can work with  page#1

Switch to default content is NOT the same that switch handled tab with index 0. 

Given I open page#1 and click link to page#2.

Result: New tab/window with page#2 is opened but I still work with page#1

Given I get all opened tabs

Result:  Number of handled tabs == 2

Given I switch to tab with index 1

Result:  You can work with  page#2

Given I switch to default content

Result:  You can work with  page#2

Please see below an example with 3 tabs:

public class SwitchBetweenWindowsTabsTest 

{

    @Test

    public void userCanSwitchBetweenTabs() 

    {

   

    baseUrl = "http://www.seleniumhq.org";

    open("/");

        System.out.println("Open, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

    assertEquals(getWebDriver().getTitle(), "Selenium - Web Browser Automation");

   

    $("#menu_projects").click();

    System.out.println("Click '#menu_projects', stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    $("#menu_download").click();

        System.out.println("Click '#menu_download', stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    // Array<String> realization

        ArrayList<String> tabs = new ArrayList<String> (getWebDriver().getWindowHandles());

        System.out.println("Tabs count = " + tabs.size());

        getWebDriver().switchTo().window(tabs.get(1));        

        System.out.println("After get(1) switch, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        assertEquals("Downloads", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

        getWebDriver().switchTo().window(tabs.get(2));        

        System.out.println("After get(2) switch, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

               

        getWebDriver().switchTo().defaultContent();        

        System.out.println("After defaultContent() switch, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

        

        getWebDriver().switchTo().window(tabs.get(0));        

        System.out.println("After get(0) switch, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        assertEquals("Selenium - Web Browser Automation", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        getWebDriver().switchTo().window(tabs.get(2));        

        System.out.println("Once again get(2) switch, stay on page: " + getWebDriver().getTitle());

        assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    }

}

By the way try to avoid System.out.println() in your real tests. Use normal logging.

4. Perform action "Refresh" and simulate "Back", "Forward"

// refresh current page

    refresh();

  

To simulate "back" and "forward" you can store urls and use open() in necessary order .

public class RefreshBackForwardTest 

{

    @Test

    public void userCanUseRefreshBackForward() 

    {

   

    baseUrl = "http://www.seleniumhq.org";

   

    open("/");

    String defaultUrl = url();

    assertEquals("Selenium - Web Browser Automation", getWebDriver().getTitle());

   

    String projectstUrl = $("#menu_projects a").getAttribute("href");

    String downloadUrl = $("#menu_download a").getAttribute("href");

        

    open(projectstUrl);

    assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    open(downloadUrl);      

        assertEquals("Downloads", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

        // Simulate "Back"

    open(projectstUrl);

    assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    open(defaultUrl);

    assertEquals(getWebDriver().getTitle(), "Selenium - Web Browser Automation");

   

    // Simulate "Forward"

    open(projectstUrl);

    assertEquals("Selenium Projects", getWebDriver().getTitle());

   

    open(downloadUrl);    

    assertEquals("Downloads", getWebDriver().getTitle());

        

    // And refresh current page

    refresh();

    }

}